Penny Sprite) Micromenetus floridensis (Baker, 1945). (Vanatta, 1935). Wekiwa Siltsnail (Lamark, 1822). Many have been synonymized, some undeservingly so. Aphaostracon theiocrenetus Body whorl relatively narrow, not conspicuously enlarging near aperture (Fig. (Thompson, 1968). Penis with 0-6 papillae confined to right margin (Figs. However, formalin is an excellent fixative for short-term preservation. Smooth-ribbed Hydrobe They complete their life cycles in one year. 51, 52). There have been introductions of this species into Argentina, the Atlantic Islands, Australia, Chile, Haiti, Mexico, New Zealand, and . According to the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), the giant African snail, commonly referred to as GALS by invasive-species aficionados, is native to East Africa . Prepared by Fred G. Thompson, Fmr. The genus is difficult to diagnose by shell characters because the three species are very dissimilar. The planorbid fauna of the southeastern states is particularly poorly known. Thompson, F. G. 2000. Shell generally thin but strong; whorls of spire strongly convex with deep suture (Figs. The snails can produce 1,200 eggs in a year and grow up to about the size of a human fist. On June 24th the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) created a quarantine surrounding the town of New Port Richey. (Thompson, 1968). Viviparus intertextus 101). The greatest diversity of genera and species is in the Indo-Australian region. Shell smaller, reaching a maximum diameter of 13 mm. Umbilical perforation wide, 1/6 to 1/8 diameter of shell. Basch, P.F. 75). Aperture elliptical and loosely attached to or slightly separated from preceding whorl; 4.5-4.9 whorls. The species are highly variable, and there is no consensus regarding the number of valid species. Adults about 5 mm long (Figs. It is hoped that this manual will stimulate other biologists to contribute to our knowledge of freshwater mollusks. This family includes four North American genera, Amnicola, Dasyscia, Colligyrus and Lyogyrus, and the European genus Marstoniopsis and some Asian genera. 69). Land Snail (Bulimulus sporadicus)A large group of Bulimulus sporadicus found in the Florida panhandle. 68). RELATED: Proof of megalodon extinction is in their teeth, scientists say. Planorbella duryi 15). Base of shell with dark red spiral band. 23, 26). Shell conical with strongly arched whorls and a deeply impressed suture. The island apple snail is the largest of the known species in Florida with shell sizes up to five inches in length. Hebetancylus excentricus The lymnaeid fauna of the southeast is particularly depauperate compared to more northern and western regions of the continent. 129). 63). Operculum constructed entirely of concentric rings (Fig. Shell more slender and attenuate; spire more elongate in adults, about 0.7- 1.0 times height of aperture. Base of shell usually without spiral band. Shell smaller, generally less than 12 mm long. They are brown in color and have a striped pattern. 55). 89, 90). Outer lip straightened just below shoulder; straightened portion lying at an angle to axis of shell (Figs. 47). Our beaches often rank at or near the top in the world. The focus on most investigations was on rivers north of Florida, and little attention was given to the Florida fauna. The Pleuroceridae of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Length of shell 2.2-2.6 mm (Fig. Definitive identifications may require anatomical dissections and reference to other literature. Typically, land snails live on or near the ground, feed on decaying plant matter, and lay their eggs in the soil. 85). 56). Malacological Review, Suppl. 180-182). Shell moderately elevated, over 0.25 times as high as long. Horse conch in mud Horse Conch snail The mature horse conch can be two feet long! Aperture narrow, about half as wide as high. Shell without conical spines, although spiral threads may be present. 16, 25, 28). Body whorl relatively rapidly expanding in diameter (Fig. Others were new taxa not found in earlier surveys. Adults about 6-8 mm wide (Figs. The snails identified in Pasco County look different from the ones previously seen in Miami-Dade County: Their flesh is creamy white, rather than grayish brown. Additional genera occur in the Orient, Southeast Asia, Africa, and South America. Pomacea paludosa, common name the Florida applesnail, is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails . (Thompson, 2000). Hyacinth Siltsnail) Floridobia floridana (Frauenfeld, 1863). Slackwater Elimia Critical Florida references are Thompson 1968, 1969, 2000; Thompson and Hershler, 1991, and Hershler and Thompson, 1992. Shell elongate-conical, with about 5-7 whorls. File Campeloma Some shells may be heavily encrusted with mineral deposit and algae, which may obscure details of the sculpture and color. Applesnails are tropical to subtropical organisms and cannot survive below 50F in the winter (Florida DOACS, 2002). 1965. The number of whorls persent on the shell can help you easily identify the snail species. 82). University of Florida In the USA, it was first identified in New Orleans in 1939, but now is found in the Gulf Coast states from Florida to Texas, as well as in Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Umbilicus open. 80). Umbilicus narrow, without a strong circum-umbilical ridge, outer lip without a callus on inner surface. Click on any of the seashell identification photos for information about each shell, where they were found, who found these shells and so much more. "If you see one of these snails,. Florida Shell Guide. 159-161). Spire long, 1.3-1.7 times length of aperture, convex in outline; shell relatively large and nearly cylindrical; 4.0-4.9 mm long; whorls 5.0-5.7, strongly rounded with a deeply impressed suture (Fig. 107, 108). Vernacular names are given only for species. 118). M-879 CONE SNAIL, Conus floridanus A small and less poisonous species, no one has ever died or been stung by one of these slow-movers, but like all cones, they have a venomous proboscis. Whorls rounded, not carinate above; occasionally angular below. Suture more deeply impressed than in 77a. Kites belong to the same bird family as hawks and eagles, Accipittridae. Spilochlamys gravis U-shaped superior crest not enclosing longitudinal crests. Ponderous Siltsnail Apex very short, only slightly raised above body whorl. In parthenogenetic organisms each population is inbred in the strictest genetic sense, and frequently a population will have minor characteristics that distinguish it from others. Various species of Cipangopaludina also have been introduced from the Orient into North America. 197-209). Shell larger, thicker, and opaque; spire 0.9-1.3 times length of aperture; with more than 4.2 whorls; penis flagellum with glandular crests. TAMPA, Fla. - A horntail snail, an invasive pest common in India, has been found in Miami-Dade County, spurring agriculture officials to start a program to prevent the possible spread of the species, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services said Thursday. Penis with two or more longitudinal crests within U-shaped superior tubercle (Fig. (Thompson, 1968). Apex less than 0.4 times length of shell. Curator of Malacology. Aperture ovate; baso-columellar angle not extended; basal lip not indented. 38). Sculpture consisting of incremental striations only. Columellar margin of aperture wide, flat-faced; apex of spire usually erroded; apical whorls, when present, with minute spiral striations; central tooth of radula with basocones located on ridged surface of tooth (Fig. Like. 203, 209). Shell dark brown. Size: 2-4 cm. Shell coiled to the right, with the aperture on the right side (Figs. Veliger, 45:269-271. Female shell about 3.5-4.0 mm long (Fig. Mihalcik, E. L. & F. G. Thompson. The profile of the whorls and their comparative size can also help determine the species. Last few whorls in large adults scalariform. (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). Two-ridged Rams-horn Shell elongate-conical. Two new species of hydrobiid snails from Florida and Georgia, and a discussion of the biogeography of south Georgia streams. It has many colorful stripes, colors, and bands on its shell which are usually orange, light orange, dark orange, or yellow. Aperture loosely attached to or widely separated from preceding whorl. Spire of adults with heavy vertical ribs; unicolor dark brown; usually less than 18 mm long (Figs. (Thompson, 1968). The living snail is bright orange. Thompson, F. G. 1969. Most inhabit fresh water, but some also occur in brackish water. Shell small, 2.0-2.8 mm long. 131). Most freshwater hydrobiids in the eastern United States are annual species. 173). Giant African land snails, an invasive species of mollusk, poses a threat to Florida residents as it can spread meningitis from a parasite it carries. NERITIDAE Two subfamilies occur in North America. Parietal margin of operculum slightly convex in outline (Fig. The fixative may damage the shell, but that is unimportant for anatomical purposes. Aperture rhomboid; baso-columellar angle extended as slight tonguelike projection; basal lip broadly but shallowly indented (Fig. More data based on many population samples from throughout this range will be necessary before the validity of the three forms can be determined. (Thompson, 1968). Haitia bermudezi Another variety, with cream-colored flesh and mottled brown shells, was detected in 2022. Credit: Craig Pittman. 4). 142). Body whorl angular. Frequently the shells of ampulariids and viviparids are very similar. The latter genus includes a single species, Cincinnatia integra (Say, 1817). Aphaostracon chalarogyrus Shell cylindric-conical, solid opaque; 4.5-4.9 moderately rounded whorls. Apex in about middle of shell. Fossaria cubensis Tarebia granifera Penis with a dense pattern of superior tubercles. They have been found in extremely high numbers in some crop fields, including corn, cotton, and peanuts, in home gardens, and around farm . Aphaostracon asthenes (Thompson, 1968). Sculpture consisting of fine incremental threads, and spiral striations that may become obsolete at maturity. Shell large, 3.7-4.5 mm long; adults with 4.6-5.3 whorls; lower corner of aperture slightly extended forward as a weak, tongue-like projection (Fig. Shell more slender, about 0.30-0.35 times as wide as high. Four species currently are recognized, but the genus has received very little study over most of its range. An invasive snail species known as the giant African land snail has officially been eradicated in the state of Florida after years of attempts and $24 million worth . Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. Umbilicus of shell closed. Lower margin of aperture not advanced beyond upper margin. This is particularly so in the Pulmonata. Aperture elliptical or trapezoidal in shape. 34, 35) (Pomatiopsis, Fig. Subspecies bear the same name as the nominate subspecies, as is consistent with the standard used by the American Fisheries Society for fishes, and by other societies for other classes of animals. Penis with invaginated cave-like pit within U-shaped superior tubercles. Last whorl distinctly shouldered. Evolution has proceeded primarily through reproductive and trophic specializations. Peristome ovate to subcircular. Shell ovate or subcircular in shape, smooth or with radial sculpture localized anteriorly. North American freshwater snails: species list, ranges and illustrations. Color uniform olive-green, never banded (Fig. Aperture narrowly in contact or free from preceding whorl. Earlier whorls of adult shell with heavy vertical ribs crossed by knobby folds or a strong spiral chord; sides of spire straight or weakly convex in lateral profile; embryonic shell with a single spiral chord on periphery and heavy vertical ribs, but without basal spiral chord (Fig. Oftentimes you'll see trails of mucous around these damaged sites. Until recently the entire knowledge of the Florida freshwater snail fauna was based on miscellaneous papers dealing with single species, groups of closely related species or single river systems. Fossaria modicella In others, some or all populations may be parthenogenetic, consisting only of females, or they may have a disproportionately small number of males. Outer lip nearly straight and parallel to axis of shell in adults (Fig. 109a, 109b). Penis with different arrangement of papillae than above. Shape highly variable, usually disc-shaped but some specimens with flat-topped raised spire. Spiral sculpture absent. 68); lobe and flagellum with various patterns of dermal glands; central tooth of radula with basocones located on reflected margin of tooth (Fig. (Pilsbry, 1889). The shell characters given above for separating the families apply only to Florida species. Aphaostracon pycnus 12). Basal lip of peristome deeply receded. (Lea, 1834). Elimia floridensis (Morelet, 1851). Aperture relatively large with fine, uneven, serrate denticles along parietal wall (Fig. Length of shell 2.0-2.4 mm (Fig. One species occurs naturally in Florida, and three others have been introduced. Ghost Rams-horn Live snails for shell studies should be preserved in 70 percent alcohol. Most other genera have received relatively minor attention, and their systematics are in flux. Shell conical, olivaceous in color. Peristome narrow to broadly ovate. Vertical ribs relatively strong and more widely spaced. (Thompson, 1968). (Thompson, 1968). Floridobia helicogyra Penis with 3 I 0 small papillae around base and 7-15 papillae along right margin in a single row (Fig. Nuclear whorl flattened, 0.41-0.48 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. Marginal teeth of radula trapezoidal with well-differentiated cusps. The deterioration process is not reversible. They were created by or for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, or its predecessor agencies.Amphipod Key, Volumes 1-5 - LeCroy, Sara E. An Illustrated Identification Guide to the Nearshore Marine and Estuarine Amphipoda of Florida:Volume 1 (2000, PDF, 18 MB).Volume Campeloma parthenum (Gastropoda: Viviparidae), a new species from north Florida. Females with live embryos in brood pouch in mantle; males with right eye stalk modified as a penis. MIAMI-DADE, Fla. As if 2020 did not have enough surprises and curveballs, an invasive snail located in the U.S. for the first time was discovered in-- you guessed it, Florida. (Reeve, 1856). Adams, 1841). Shell thick and solid; whorls weakly convex or flattened (Figs. Clench, W.J. Rather stocky, adult about 15-20 mm long (Fig. common name: tree snails of Florida scientific name: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bulimulidae Introduction - Identification - Key to the Bulimulidae of Florida - Selected References Introduction (Back to Top) Many snails are found in trees, but only a few are exclusively arboreal for most or all of their life cycle. The beaches in Florida are perfect for shelling and beach combing. Davis, G.M., M. Mazurkiewicz, & M. Mandracchia. They achieve their greatest diversity in genera and species in temperate North America. 1982. Aperture of shell closed by an operculum (snail must be collected live because the operculum is lost soon after death). (Conrad, 1834). Three occur in Florida. Haitia pomilia pomilia (Thompson & Hershler, 1991). Penis filament black. J. Clench and Ruth P. Turner (1956) published a survey of the fauna from the Suwannee River west to the Escambia River. Shell depressed. Penis filament white. Shell relatively thin. The coloration of the aperture and the embryonic shell is not consistent within single population samples, and the contour of the outer lip is highly variable within single drainage systems and with the age of the specimens examined. Elimia doolyensis Aperture loosely attached to or slightly free from preceding whorl. Aperture elliptical and usually attached to preceding whorl; 4.1-4.5 whorls present. Adult shells about 40 70 mm high (Fig. 122). Central tooth of radula with basocones located on fore or lateral wing of tooth (Figs. Nuclear whorl 0.29-0.33 mm in diameter. Length of shell 2.1-2.8 mm (Fig. Suture weakly impressed. Shell with or without bands; slender; Suture deeply impressed; upper whorls with a strongly carinate periphery (Fig. The VIVIPARINAE is widely distributed throughout Europe, Asia and eastern North America. 1969. Penis with a few simple scattered superior tubercles on outer surface; parapical crest on a low ridge; accessory crest and inferior crest absent (Fig. Conical with relatively obese whorls. Thompson, F. G. & R. Hershler. 1945. 5). Arboreal forms, such as Liguus of Florida and Cuba, tend to be brightly coloured; terrestrial forms usually are drab. Florida's . Radula with bicuspid lateral teeth (Fig. Identifications are difficult in many instances without properly preserved specimens. Acad. Penis with a large, blade-like flagellum with continuous heavy dermal glands along each side (Figs. 10-12). Shell globose with a short depressed spire; body whorl ample; umbilicus closed. Thick-shelled Hydrobe Parietal margin of operculum convex. Amber to milky white in color (Figs. Primarily parthenogenetic; females viviparous with young snails in a brood pouch in nape. Each snail has both female and male reproductive organs, so they can reproduce rapidly. Aperture elliptical in shape; spire slenderer and slightly convex in outline; suture moderately impressed suture; parapical crest reduced in size. Is non-native to the area, in our case northwest Florida In some genera, eggs are deposited above the water in dry clusters on stems, trees, walls, etc. Operculum paleomelanian, with a large sub-centrally located nucleus (Fig. Clench, W.J. (Thompson, 1969). In Florida, the African land snail existed largely in Miami-Dade County, although hundreds of the pests were found in Broward County, specifically western Davie, in 2014. . Florida Applesnail 1991. The radula can be studied by dissecting out the buccal mass and macerating it in clorox or sodium hydroxide. 96). 137, 139). Biomphalaria havanensis 202, 208). Thiarids are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Conical Siltsnail Females with an egg-laying groove or sinus on right side of foot; eggs deposited on substrate. Mantle spotted with black, shaded or unmarked; terminal lobe of penis with complex crests that cause it to look like an animals head; flagellum slender, with scattered and discontinuous glands along edge (Figs. 102a, 102b). Vail, V. A. 93). Shell minute, 2.0-2.3 mm long; thin and transparent; spire 0.7-1.1 times length of aperture; flagellum lacking glandular crests. Shaggy Ghostsnail Univ. In 2011, a population of the pests was discovered in Miami-Dade County. (Vail, 1979). (Pilsbry, 1890). Littoridinops tenuipes 115a, 115b). Those available covered only part of the state or part of the fauna. Gainesville, Florida 32611-7800. However, this appears to be an over reduction, and several southern species were synonymized that appear worthy of recognition. Rhapinema dacryon Occasionally it may be necessary to turn to other information sources to determine identifications with a greater degree of certainty.. Adults about 2-3 mm long (Figs. One to several dark growth-rest varixes usually present on last whorl. Shell usually corpulent, brown or green, generally opaque, but occasionally translucent in juveniles. 140-146). Melanoides tuberculata (Muller) in Florida. It is globose in shape, body whorls are wide, spire is depressed, and the aperature is narrowly oval (Burch 1982). Helisoma anceps anceps 16, 17). Shell cap-shaped or limpet-like with a wide, open aperture forming base of shell (Figs. Most species are disc-shaped or planular, as is implied by the name PLANORBIDAE. 123). 1956. Operculum corneas, without pegs on inner or outer surface. Peninsula Ancylid Males with penis at anterior right corner of mantle cavity. Hatia pomilia hendersoni Wm. Shell coiled to the left, with the aperture on the left side (Figs.147-158). Whorls flat-sided with suture weakly impressed. Embryonic shell with fine vertical ribs and a heavy spiral chord on periphery and two basal spiral chords (Fig. In Pasco County Florida, a quarantine order was issued for people after the re-discovery of the giant African land snail, an invasive species that can harm to humans, structures, and wildlife. (Thompson, 2000). Last whorl not shouldered (Figs.155, 156). The family contains many genera and numerous species in South America, Central America, Mexico, Africa, and Southeast Asia. Shell elliptical in shape. Excentric Ancylid Length of shell 2.4-3.4 mm (Fig. Brackish-water genera, Onobops and Heleobops, that are common in Florida are omitted. Their siphonal canal is merged with their aperture and called a "siphonal notch". Apex suppressed to form a nearly flat plane with the peripheral angle (Figs.165-167). Umbilicus wide (Fig. (Couper, 1844). A giant African land snail, photographed at a lab in 2014. Adults with six teeth in aperture, two on the parietal wall and four on the palatal wall. Red-rimmed Melania Shell conical; thin and transparent; 4.0-4.5 strongly arched whorls. (Fig. The spire differs between bumpy and smooth but it is always elongated. Stately Elimia Incremental striations uniformly weak. (Thompson, 2000). Brown garden snail, Cornu aspersa (formerly Helix aspersa, Cantareus aspersus, and Cryptomphalus aspersus) is a member of the family Helicidae.This snail species originates from Britain, western Europe, and along borders of the Mediterranean and Black Seas. (Gould, 1841). Umbilicus narrow, deep (Fig. 1934. Review of the Planorbidae of Florida with notes on other members of the family. Choctaw Lioplax Basch (1963) recognized five valid species. Bright pink egg masses are laid on . Interior of adult aperture with brownish tinge. Blue Spring Hydrobe Littoridinops palustris Shell usually with raised spiral threads around periphery, frequently the uppermost thread has conical or triangular spines (Figs. Nuclear whorl 0.41 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. Some species are dioecious with a normal representation of males and females. Do not use tap water since copper ions from the plumbing system may contaminate the tap water and kill the snails prematurely. A preliminary revision of Florida Lioplax (Gastropoda: Viviparidae), with a description of Lioplax talquinensis n.sp. Columellart margin of aperture not flat-faced; apex of shell usually entire; penis with large terminal lobe on left side and small appendage-like flagellum on right margin (Fig. (This character separates only the genera under consideration; genera from other areas of the world do not conform to this distinction.) Sides of spire slightly convex. Goodrich, C. 1942. (Thompson, 1968). Female oviparous, never with embryos in uterus. Shell with a brownish hue. Choctawhatchee Elimia After the shells are thoroughly rinsed, they can be air-dried in cardboard trays. Shell about 0.38-0.41 times as wide as high and about 20-27 mm long. Length of shell 2.0-2.5 mm (Fig. Floridobia wekiwae (Pfeiffer, 1839). Color of fresh shell never milky white.
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